透明显示技术初探索,哪种技术会占据主流市场?

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在透明玻璃上显示全彩影像,是诸多显示屏生产商追求的目标。早在2019年,LG Display将首款基于OLED技术的透明显示屏实施商用,透光率达到40%。次年,小米发布了首款透明电视,同样采用了OLED技术,透光率可达38%。近日,JDL公司展示了透光率高达84%的透明显示器,不同的是,该显示器使用了LCD技术,而之前业界普遍认为,在透明显示方向上OLED要优于LCD。目前JDL公司尚未公开其技术细节,该显示器预计于2023年秋季正式上市。


在商用场景中,透明显示器既拥有如玻璃般的通透性,又具备展示丰富动态画面的能力,有着独特的显示效果。更高的亮度,更好的透明度与更高的分辨率,是诸多透明屏厂商追求的目标。除了展示目的,也有厂商希望将透明屏幕搭载到智能终端设备上,这也对透明屏幕的轻薄与便携提出了要求。目前透明显示屏技术仍处于百花齐放的状态,OLED,LCE与LED三大技术作为透明技术的主流,同时,其他新型透明显示设备也在迅速发展当中。

1

OLED透明子像素技术

作为直接发光技术,OLED显示可以省去常见的液晶层、背光层等模组,这为屏幕的透明化提供了极大的便捷。在此基础上,面板厂商在原有的红绿蓝白四像素中,增加了一种“透明子像素”,这为显示屏提供了50%的透明区域。当无数个这样的像素点均匀地分布在面板上时,屏幕也自然而然地会获得一定的通透效果,同时又能兼顾彩色图像的显示。同时,OLED屏幕也可附上电容触摸膜,实现触控交互。

透明显示技术初探索,哪种技术会占据主流市场?

2

LCD箱式背光技术

通常,LCD显示依赖背光源照明,而透明LCD去掉了正常屏幕后的背光单元,将常规的背光灯组隐藏在箱体内。在非通电状态下,LCD屏幕是不透明的,而是呈现液晶层原本的黑色。在通电状态下才能使更多光线通过,并将液晶屏原有的白色区域呈现为透明状态。

透明显示技术初探索,哪种技术会占据主流市场?

3

LED光电玻璃技术

LED技术出现较早,是使用范围较广的一种透明显示技术。该技术通过将LED灯珠内置于双层玻璃之间,借助玻璃导电镀膜技术、通过控制系统来呈现光电展示效果。LED的优势在于亮度高,透明度高。但该技术也有明显的短板,即像素点间距过大,目前国内最小的技术可以做到30mm,最小成像距离3~5米,更适用于展柜,橱窗等大面积显示。

透明显示技术初探索,哪种技术会占据主流市场?

4

新型透明显示技术

早期的透明显示技术大多基于对原有显示技术的改造,但也有部分厂商不满足于此,提出了诸如光子投影技术,薄膜电致发光技术等全新的透明显示技术。这些全新的显示技术未来将适用于更多场景,使许多全新应用成为可能,为上下游产业链带来巨大的商机。


每一种透明显示技术,都具备很多优势,但是涉及到大规模市场化,只要呈现出明显的技术短板,便会严重影响到技术落地。目前的透明显示技术都存在着使用范围的局限性,未来的透明显示行业,是在原有技术的基础上改造升级,或者开拓出全新的技术,目前还尚未可知。


透明显示技术初探索,哪种技术会占据主流市场?

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透明显示技术初探索,哪种技术会占据主流市场?

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原文始发于微信公众号(技术饭):透明显示技术初探索,哪种技术会占据主流市场?

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